分享好友 商务指南首页 频道列表

实验室里被化学试剂灼烧了怎么办?下面给你一些紧急的处理方法

2018-06-25 00:003560
 

 

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">化学灼伤事故的预防

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(1)最重要的是保护好眼睛!在化学实验室里应该一直配戴护目镜(平光玻璃或有机玻璃眼镜),防止眼睛受刺激性气体薰染,防止任何化学药品特别是强酸、强碱、玻璃屑等异物进入眼内。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(2)禁止用手直接取用任何化学药品,使用毒品时除用药匙、量器外必须配戴橡皮手套,实验后马上清洗仪器用具,立即用肥皂洗手。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(3)尽量避免吸入任何药品和溶剂蒸气。处理具有刺激性的、恶臭的和有毒的化学药品时,如portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 13px;">Hportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 9px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 13px;">S、NOportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 9px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 13px;">、Clportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 9px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 13px;">、Brportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 9px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 13px;">、CO、SOportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 9px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 13px;">、SOportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 9px;">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 13px;">、HCl、HFportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">、浓硝酸、发烟硫酸、浓盐酸、乙酰氯等,必须在通风橱中进行。通风橱开启后,不要把头伸入橱内,并保持实验室通风良好。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(4)严禁在酸性介质中使用氰化物。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(5)禁止口吸吸管移取浓酸、浓碱、有毒液体,应该用洗耳球吸取。禁止冒险品尝药品试剂,不得用鼻子直接嗅气体,而是用手向鼻孔扇入少量气体。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(6)不要用乙醇等有机溶剂擦洗溅在皮肤上的药品,这种做法反而增加皮肤对药品的吸收速度。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(7)实验室里禁止吸烟进食,禁止赤膊穿拖鞋。

 

 

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">化学灼伤的急救

 

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(1)眼睛灼伤或掉进异物一旦眼内溅入任何化学药品,立即用大量水缓缓彻底冲洗。实验室内应备有专用洗眼水龙头。洗眼时要保持眼皮张开,可由他人帮助翻开眼睑,持续冲洗15分钟。忌用稀酸中和溅入眼内的碱性物质,反之亦然。对因溅入碱金属、溴、磷、浓酸、浓碱或其它刺激性物质的眼睛灼伤者,急救后必须迅速送往医院检查治疗。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(2)玻璃屑进入眼睛内是比较危险的。这时要尽量保持平静,绝不可用手揉擦,也不要试图让别人取出碎屑,尽量不要转动眼球,可任其流泪,有时碎屑会随泪水流出。用纱布轻轻包住眼睛后,将伤者急送医院处理。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">若系木屑、尘粒等异物,可由他人翻开眼睑,用消毒棉签轻轻取出异物,或任其流泪,待异物排出后,再滴入几滴鱼肝油。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(3)皮肤灼伤

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">①酸灼伤先用大量水冲洗,以免深度受伤,再用稀portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 13px;">NaHCOportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 11px;">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">溶液或稀氨水浸洗,最后用水洗。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">氢氟酸能腐烂指甲、骨头,滴在皮肤上,会形成痛苦的、难以治愈的烧伤。皮肤若被灼烧后,应先用大量水冲洗20分钟以上,再用冰冷的饱和硫酸镁溶液或70%酒精浸洗30分钟以上;或用大量水冲洗后,用肥皂水或2%~5%portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px;">NaHCOportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 12px;">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">溶液冲洗,用5%portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px;">NaHCOportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 12px;">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">溶液湿敷。局部外用可的松软膏或紫草油软膏及硫酸镁糊剂。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">
portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">②碱灼伤先用大量水冲洗,再用1%硼酸或2%HAc溶液浸洗,最后用水洗。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">③溴灼伤这是很危险的。被溴灼伤后的伤口一般不易愈合,必须严加防范。凡用溴时都必须预先配制好适量的20%portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px;">Naportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 11px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px;">Sportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 11px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px;">Oportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 11px;">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">溶液备用。一旦有溴沾到皮肤上,立即用portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px;">Naportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 11px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px;">Sportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 11px;">2portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px;">Oportant; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center; font-family: Tahoma; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 11px;">3portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">溶液冲洗,再用大量水冲洗干净,包上消毒纱布后就医。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 16px;">portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">在受上述灼伤后,若创面起水泡,均不宜把水泡挑破。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">(4)烫伤、割伤等外伤

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">在烧熔和加工玻璃物品时最容易被烫伤;在切割玻管或向木塞、橡皮塞中插入温度计、玻管等物品时最容易发生割伤。玻璃质脆易碎,对任何玻璃制品都不得用力挤压或造成张力。在将玻管、温度计插入塞中时,塞上的孔径与玻管的粗细要吻合。玻管的锋利切口必须在火中烧圆,管壁上用几滴水或甘油润湿后,用布包住用力部位轻轻旋入,切不可用猛力强行连接。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">外伤急救方法如下:

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">①割伤先取出伤口处的玻璃碎屑等异物,用水洗净伤口,挤出一点血,涂上红汞药水后用消毒纱布包扎。也可在洗净的伤口上贴上“创口贴”,可立即止血,且易愈合。若严重割伤大量出血时,应先止血,让伤者平卧,抬高出血部位,压住附近动脉,或用绷带盖住伤口直接施压,若绷带被血浸透,不要换掉,再盖上一块施压,立即送医院治疗。

portant; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Tahoma, Helvetica, SimSun, sans-serif;">②烫伤一旦被火焰、蒸气、红热的玻璃、铁器等烫伤时,立即将伤处用大量水冲淋或浸泡,以迅速降温避免温度烧伤。若起水泡不宜挑破,用纱布包扎后送医院治疗。对轻微烫伤,可在伤处涂些鱼肝油或烫伤油膏或万花油后包扎。




反对 0
举报 0
收藏 0
打赏 0
霉菌超标的原因及如何防控?
霉菌是评价食品卫生质量的指示性指标。如果食品中的霉菌超标,将会破坏食品的营养成分,使食品失去食用价值,同时还可能产生霉菌毒素等各种有毒代谢产物,长期食用霉菌超标的食品,对人体健康具有潜在性危害。……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2024-12-06669

怎样正确出具微生物检验结果报告,你知道么?
怎样正确出具微生物检验结果报告,你知道么?……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2024-07-30518

水果罐头食品怎么做无菌检验
一般水果罐头在出厂前都会做无菌检验的,以保证水果罐头食品的安全性。水果罐头食品在作无菌检验前,一般应先作密闭试验,然后对密闭良好的水果罐头进行膨胀试验,再开罐取内容物作无菌试验。……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2024-04-29765

电子天平的安装、清洁及操作步骤
电子天平具有结构简单、方便实用、称量速度快等特点,目前广泛应用于企业和实验室,用来测定物体的质量。……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2024-04-02727

液相色谱柱正确安装、启用与维护
色谱柱是液相色谱仪的最核心部件,价格相对昂贵,如避免强烈的碰撞和震动,不要让柱床变干,避免在严寒环境受冻等。……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2024-03-131110

检测中如何保证结果准确性?
任何检测均会产生检测误差,分析测试误差来源很多,如,样品的代表性、均匀性、稳定性。质量保证的任务就是把所有的误差,包括:系统误差、随机误差,减少到预期的水平。……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2024-02-26930

分光光度计的测量误差来源,你了解么?
分光光度计是利用物质对光的选择性吸收的特性,以较纯的单色光作为入射光,测定物质对光的吸收,从而对物质进行定性或定量分析的仪器。在使用过程中常常会出现测量误差,这些误差又是如何产生的呢?……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2024-02-26471

新买的色谱柱如何活化?用过的如何保养?
色谱柱是高效液相色谱仪最主要的部件,被测物质能否被很好的分离和测定,色谱柱的性能起着决定性的作用。因此,在日常工作中,应特别注意色谱柱的正确使用和维修保养,以延长色谱柱的使用寿命。……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2023-11-07506

如何更好发挥紫外灯的杀菌作用?
紫外线照射是目前常用的空气和表面的消毒方法,在水和其他液体的消毒中也有应用。但在紫外灯的使用过程中,往往由于不了解其作用机理或疏于检测,不能使其发挥有效的作用,达不到预期的杀菌效果。……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2023-08-25495

化验员应该知道的100个实验室必备小常识
化验员应该知道的100个实验室必备小常识……(世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com)

2023-05-111156