2025年11月13日，欧盟食品安全局（EFSA）发布2024年传染性海绵状脑病 （Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies,TSE）监测总结报告。
此报告介绍了27个成员国（MS、EU27）、英国和其它8个非欧盟国家（波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、冰岛、黑山、北马其顿、挪威、塞尔维亚、瑞士和土耳其）在2024年对牛、绵羊、山羊、鹿科动物和其他物种的传染性海绵状脑病（TSE）以及绵羊和山羊基因分型的监测结果。部分原文报道如下：
This report presents results of surveillance on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in bovines, sheep, goats, cervids and other species, and genotyping in sheep and goats, carried out in 2024 by 27 EU Member States (EU27, MS), the UK (in respect of Northern Ireland, (XI)) and 8 non-EU reporting countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iceland, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland and Türkiye. In total, 980,624 bovines were tested by EU27 and XI (+3.4% compared to 2023), with 3 atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) cases reported (2 H-type: 1 in France, 1 in Ireland; 1 L-type in Poland); and 41,397 bovines by 8 non-EU reporting countries with no BSE cases reported. Four additional BSE cases were reported by the UK (1 classical and 1 H-type), the USA (1 L-type), Brazil (1 H-type). In total, 277,064 sheep were tested in EU27 and XI (−2.7% compared to 2023). In sheep, 458 scrapie cases were reported by 14 MS and XI: 380 classical scrapie (CS) by 6 MS (139 index cases (IC)) with genotypes of susceptible groups in 98.9% of the cases; 78 atypical scrapie (AS) (78 IC) by 13 MS. In non-EU reporting countries 25,337 sheep were tested, with Iceland reporting 61 CS and 2 AS cases, and Norway 9 AS cases. Random genotyping was reported by five MS and susceptible genotypes accounted for 7.8%. In goats, out of 93,960 tested (−8.5% compared to 2023), 71 cases of scrapie were reported, all from EU27 and XI: 65 CS (14 IC) by five MS and 6 AS (6 IC) by three MS. None of the genotyped cases in goats carried polymorphisms at codon 146 and 222. In total, 1761 cervids were tested for chronic wasting disease by 9 MS, none tested positive. Norway tested 10,932 cervids with 2 European moose positive, Serbia tested 186 animals and Iceland 96 animals.
